See yn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "yn"
}
],
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"2": "predicate"
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"name": "etymid"
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{
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"2": "in",
"id": "adverb",
"t": "-ly"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish in (“-ly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*endo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *endo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Morris Jones, John (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 220 vii (2), pages 438–39</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Thurneysen, Rudolf (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., <cite>A Grammar of Old Irish</cite>, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of <cite>Handbuch des Alt-Irischen</cite> (in German), <small>→ISBN</small>, § 379, pages 238–39; reprinted 2017</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Certainly cognate with Old Irish in (“-ly”); possibly from a preposition Proto-Celtic *endo, governing the dative, a compound of *en (“in”) and *do (“to”)\nAlternatively from *sindū(i), the masculine/neuter dative/instrumental singular of the definite article.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "y",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "particle",
"3": "triggers soft mutation"
},
"expansion": "yn (triggers soft mutation)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 85 15 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Welsh determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 82 18 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Welsh particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 81 19 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Welsh possessive determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
29
]
],
"english": "Pwyll Prince of Dyved, was lord of the seven Cantrevs of Dyved",
"ref": "14th century, anonymous author, translated by Charlotte Guest, edited by R. L. Thomson, Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet (Mediaeval and Modern Welsh Series; vol. I), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, published 1980, page 3, lines 75–77:",
"text": "Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet a oed yn arglwyd ar seith cantref Dyuet.",
"translation": "Pwyll Prince of Dyved, was lord of the seven Cantrevs of Dyved",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grammatical particle used in conjunction with bot (“to be”) to mark adjectival, nominal, or verbal complements"
],
"id": "en-yn-wlm-particle-OEM-~ZmW",
"links": [
[
"bot",
"bot#Middle_Welsh"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"grammatical particle used to change an adjective into an adverb"
],
"id": "en-yn-wlm-particle-w7BNDt6T"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "yn"
}
{
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{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "yn"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
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{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*ɨn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *ɨn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*eni"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *eni",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *ɨn, from Proto-Celtic *eni.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ym",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "yg",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "yng",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "preposition",
"3": "triggers nasal mutation"
},
"expansion": "yn (triggers nasal mutation)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Welsh prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in"
],
"id": "en-yn-wlm-prep-WClnU00P",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
]
],
"tags": [
"triggers-mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "yn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "ein"
}
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"2": "our"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
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"forms": [
{
"form": "an",
"tags": [
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"cat2": "possessive determiners"
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"expansion": "yn",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"our"
],
"id": "en-yn-wlm-det-plVuSFLi",
"links": [
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"our",
"our"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "yn"
}
{
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"Middle Welsh determiners",
"Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Welsh lemmas",
"Middle Welsh particles",
"Middle Welsh possessive determiners",
"Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "yn"
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"name": "etymid"
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{
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"2": "in",
"id": "adverb",
"t": "-ly"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish in (“-ly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*endo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *endo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Morris Jones, John (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1913), <cite>A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative</cite>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 220 vii (2), pages 438–39</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Thurneysen, Rudolf (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., <cite>A Grammar of Old Irish</cite>, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of <cite>Handbuch des Alt-Irischen</cite> (in German), <small>→ISBN</small>, § 379, pages 238–39; reprinted 2017</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Certainly cognate with Old Irish in (“-ly”); possibly from a preposition Proto-Celtic *endo, governing the dative, a compound of *en (“in”) and *do (“to”)\nAlternatively from *sindū(i), the masculine/neuter dative/instrumental singular of the definite article.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "y",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "particle",
"3": "triggers soft mutation"
},
"expansion": "yn (triggers soft mutation)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Welsh terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
29
]
],
"english": "Pwyll Prince of Dyved, was lord of the seven Cantrevs of Dyved",
"ref": "14th century, anonymous author, translated by Charlotte Guest, edited by R. L. Thomson, Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet (Mediaeval and Modern Welsh Series; vol. I), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, published 1980, page 3, lines 75–77:",
"text": "Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet a oed yn arglwyd ar seith cantref Dyuet.",
"translation": "Pwyll Prince of Dyved, was lord of the seven Cantrevs of Dyved",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grammatical particle used in conjunction with bot (“to be”) to mark adjectival, nominal, or verbal complements"
],
"links": [
[
"bot",
"bot#Middle_Welsh"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"grammatical particle used to change an adjective into an adverb"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "yn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Welsh determiners",
"Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Welsh lemmas",
"Middle Welsh possessive determiners",
"Middle Welsh prepositions",
"Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Middle Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Middle Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "yn"
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"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*ɨn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *ɨn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*eni"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *eni",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *ɨn, from Proto-Celtic *eni.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ym",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "yg",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "yng",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "triggers nasal mutation"
},
"expansion": "yn (triggers nasal mutation)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
]
],
"tags": [
"triggers-mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "yn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Welsh determiners",
"Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Welsh lemmas",
"Middle Welsh possessive determiners",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "ein"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "our"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "an",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "determiner",
"cat2": "possessive determiners"
},
"expansion": "yn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"our"
],
"links": [
[
"our",
"our"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "yn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for yn meaning in Middle Welsh (4.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: triggers soft mutation",
"path": [
"yn"
],
"section": "Middle Welsh",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "yn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (f3d3fdb and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.